The Lakes Scientific and Socioeconomic Importance. In The Maranao, edited by Mamitua Saber and Adbullah Madale. The national system has had varied effects on the traditional political structure. One of these is the isa ka daradiat, a kulintang ensemble composed of a pair of big gongs with a buzzle or claves, a pair of cylindrical sticks called mamales; eight graduated gongs laid horizontally on a stand called langkongan; the debakan, a drum made from goat or deer skin; and babendir, a small flat gong. [21] RA 9054 lapsed into law on March 31, 2001, without the signature of President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo. 2012. peace and development in the region. Vocal music differs from instrumental in at least the following respects: the onor are pembalbegan or hired for weddings, funerals and wakes, or any festive occasions; appreciation of vocal music requires knowledge of a special language and forms; and the pedagogy of kaplogo is based on the guru system. The burrak appears on carpets, paintings, and sequined cloth panels. Maharadia Lawana. Mindanaotoday.com | BARMM to build 100 village health stations in 2023 By: Edwin Fernandez. The referendum was boycotted by the Muslims themselves.
General Appropriations Act FY 2023 with UACS Code Top Brass from Our Deep South. The Age of Trade and Contacts: Visitors from Across Many Seas. Foremost of this groups productions that are derived from Maranao literature are plays in Tagalog: Pilandok, 1974; Mga Kuwentong Maranao (Maranao Tales), 1975; and Maharadia Lawana, 1977. The lakub (tobacco container) is another fine example of bamboo craft. When the hero removes his kampilan halfway from its scabbard, half of his enemies are killed. The duck flies off but does not return with the promised water. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The dove is surprised to discover the duck enjoying the waters; but, instead of reprimanding the duck, the dove collects the amount of water it can carry back to the Prophet. Perez III, Rodrigo D., Rosario S. Encarnacion, and Julian E. Dacanay Jr. 1989. Ramadhan as Observed Lanao. Mindanao Journal 1 (3): 15-24. Islam, however, has not totally eradicated the pre-Islamic Maranao cosmology that talks of a seven-layered earth, the first of which is the human world, and the second, a world populated by the karibang (dwarfs). 2878, which abolished the Department of Mindanao and Sulu and transferred its responsibilities to the Bureau of Non-Christian Tribes under the Department of the Interior. In the Natangkopan a Ragat (Enchantment of Prince Bantugen), the prince must walk between two crushing rocks while hopping between the stones. Its capital is the Municipality of Bongao. To form a waxy substance, paraffin is mixed with almaciga and beeswax. In a referendum held that same year, four provinces voted for inclusion in ARMM: Maguindanao, Sulu, Tawi-Tawi, and Lanao del Sur, excluding Marawi City. He takes his klong (shield), made of the hardest wood and from which small bells hang. Within each agama, one or more titleholders belong to a superior political level and are given the title sultan. Your IP: However, with the outbreak of the Philippine Revolution in 1896, Governor-General Blanco was forced to transfer his forces from Lanao to Luzon.
Tausug Tribe of Sulu: History, Culture and Arts, Customs and Traditions Presidential Commission for the Rehabilitation and Development of Southern Philippines.1980. In grief, the sparrow promises never to leave its wifes dead body. The Sama chief gives his choice: the beautiful princess Aya Paganay Bai of Minangoaw a Ragong. that Isabela City, Basilan, Lamitan, Sulu, and Tawi-tawi may become a single federal state, while Lanao del Sur, Marawi, Cotabato City, and Maguindanao may become a single federal state as well because the Muslims of the Sulu archipelago have a different heritage from the Muslims in mainland Mindanao. 1974. In 1891, Governor-General Valeriano Weyler personally led a campaign against the Maguindanao and Maranao. By the end of 1999 up to early 2000, the MILF got involved in several attacks in Central Mindanao and taken over the town of Kauswagan in Lanao del Norte. Manila: Lahing Pilipino Publishing Inc. Gowing, Peter G. 1983. 1975. Individuals, Moro and non-Moro alike, can also learn from, appreciate, and experience such cultural event. Until the passage of Republic Act No. Covered with a riyara (woven mat), rice-stalk bundles serve as bed mattresses, the head and foot of which are laid out with pillows. 1974. In Bumbaran, after some time, Datu Gibon decides to take other wives and make his kingdom great. The reason is that yellow and gold, the colors of nobility, are approximated by this alloy. 27 febrero, 2023 . An autonomous region of the Philippines, located in the Mindanao island group of the Philippines, that consisted of five predominantly Muslim provinces: Basilan (except Isabela City), Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu, and Tawi-Tawi. Lao, Hadja Hanimah S. 2020. 2008 - 2012. The Economic Life of Muslim Filipinos. Mindanao Journal (October-December): 69-83. It was performed at the Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP) in May 2008 for the Filipino Heritage Month, the theme of which was the Filipino epic. Filipiniana Reprint Series. Some of the most significant show the burrak and naga. 1083 A DECREE TO ORDAIN AND PROMULGATE A CODE RECOGNIZING THE SYSTEM OF FILIPINO MUSLIM LAWS, CODIFYING MUSLIM PERSONAL LAWS, AND PROVIDING FOR ITS ADMINISTRATION AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES", Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao Official Website, Bureau of Public Information ARMM Latest News & Events in ARMM, BARMM Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, ARMM Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, List of cities and municipalities in the Philippines, Philippine campaign against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, 2012 Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro, 2014 Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao&oldid=1132082651, States and territories established in 1989, States and territories disestablished in 2019, 2019 disestablishments in the Philippines, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Filipino-language text, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles containing Tagalog-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2011, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Articles with incomplete citations from September 2009, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 7 January 2023, at 05:00. Early morning or late afternoon is the best time to weave because the cooler temperature not only provides for the personal comfort of the weavers but also prevents the sesed from getting brittle. A traditional way of testing the torogans durability was to have two carabaos fight inside the structure. Palapa, a culturally important spicy condiment of the Maranao people, Moro blades made from Basilan "basih" (iron), A Maranao kulintang ensemble with okir carvings. Had Spain's plan in the 1800s to establish an extensive public instruction system up to the tertiary level with Spanish as a medium of instruction been carried out (Alzona, 1932, p. 95), Filipinos might have been proficient in the Spanish language at the end of Spanish rule in 1898.However, when Spain ceded the Philippines to the United States after the Spanish-American war, basic education . The kind of Islam that arrived in the Philippines had already assimilated various other traditions. Exceptions include the burrak, literally the bright one, which is the horse with a human face, on which the Prophet Muhammad is believed to have ascended to Heaven. Majul, Cesar Adib. Later, believing that the soul of the dead person has accepted the invitation, the chanters carry the chair to the bereaved familys house. He used u / e to denote an accented Maranao word for a purpose. 2010. The flooring of the house is of barimbingan wood; the walls, of gisuk wooden panels, profuse with okir; and the roof, of cogon grass secured on bamboo frames by rattan. 2005. Decolonization and Filipino Muslim Identity. PCSS Policy Monography Series No 5.Quezon City: The Journals and Publications Division, The Presidents Center for Special Studies. 1976. The short film ends on an edifying footage about how prejudice and discrimination may lead to conflict and wars. Land ownership is difficult to assess as property transfer is often contested by traditional claims. The roof of the mala-a-walai is made of thick cogon grass secured on bamboo frames by rattan. Most Maranao follow standard Islamic beliefs and practices. This new agreement would replace the existing ARMM with a new political entity called the Bangsamoro, which would have broader powers over its use of resources and wider powers of autonomy. The Filipino Muslim Armed Struggle 1900-1972. The siege lasted five months until the Joint Task Force Marawi was able to confine the militant groups area down to Grand Padian Market in Barangay Datu sa Dansalan. Tutob (Skullcap), 2012, is a day-in-the-life story of a Maranao man driving a motorcycle to fetch a package in the city. On the way down, Moses asks him if he has requested anything of God. One outstanding example of Maranao wood carving is found in the galingan (spinning wheel), whose base is a solid wood block and whose sides are carved in the magoyada motif. This practice predates the introduction of both Islam and Christianity in the Philippines (Durante et al. Three buildings were razed, including the provincial capitol building. Kakelaya-layang (kite making) is an activity enjoyed when the wind is strong and the weather fine. "ARMM" redirects here. Today, farmers practice a combination of indigenous forms of planting and breeding rice with modern supplements like pesticides and fertilizers to increase yield (Dimaporo and Fernandez 2007, 77-78). COTABATO CITY, Philippines The local communities are learning a lot on the ethnicity of the original southern inhabitants from mock villages in the capitol here of the Autonomous Region in. The . The Maranao joined several anti-American uprisings in Lanao. In 1935, two Muslims were elected to the National Assembly. The torogan is a partition-less structure, housing many families. The best examples of wood carving are done for the panolong, arko (arches), musical instruments like the kudyapi (lute), lansa (motor outboards), house tools, kitchen utensils, agricultural implements, and grave markers. After delivery, the umbilical cord is tied to the nearest base and cut with an irab (a bamboo slit). An educated person of noble descent who is also a religious teacher belongs to the three elite groups. Edna E.A. Technical Focus: This engagement is envisioned to support the work in Mindanao including the social protection and anticipatory action agenda in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). Updates? Groups usually found in the uplands include the Tboli, Subanon, Bukidnon, Bagobo, Mandaya, and Manobo. The direction of the naga (dragon or serpent) must first be established, usually north to south, before construction can begin. For instance: To tap the possibility of a marriage, the boys matchmaker asks whether the girl is betrothed. This larger organization of hamlets is the effective political community, and its strong federal system serves to unite the four Maranao pengampong (states or encampments)Bayabao, Masiu, Unayan, and Balo-iinto the pat-a-pengampong ko ranao under the taritib (ancient order of customs, traditions, and usages observed in the community). It is believed that if the wifes wishes are not granted or if she is given cause for worry, a miscarriage or a serious illness may follow. The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao region was first created on August 1, 1989, through Republic Act No. Other types include those that deal with life-cycle rituals and, in particular, with spirits or souls of the dead. inception. Mixed with tie-dye type patterns, the type is called babalodan. 1973. When caught red-handed, it assumes another personality and eventually gets off the hook. Most holders of government positions (regional, provincial, and municipal) belong to one or a combination of these elite groups. Armando Velasco, an official of the provincial board of canvassers, displays a copy of election returns sheets from the Autonomous Region on Muslim Mindanao to lawyers before it is tallied in Cotabato city in the southern Philippines August 9, 2005. Because of its large expanses of undeveloped fertile land, Mindanao has been considered the countrys pioneer frontier. It did not experience substantial population increase until migration was promoted, particularly in the mid-20th century. Maranao culture and its kulintang music have been documented in the films Maranao Culture at Home and in Diaspora, 34 minutes, and Kulintang Gong Music from Mindanao Philippines, 22 minutes. The soldiers were riding a motorcycle heading back to their camp from the marketplace in Sumisip town when armed men attacked Folk medicine expresses the pre-Islamic belief that illnesses are caused by spirits and can only be cured by the pamomolong (witch doctor), the pundarpaan (a person who can act as a medium to the spirits), or the pamamantok (a person who fights black magic). WHILE Muslims around the world reflect, pray and fast during the Islamic holy month of Ramadan, the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) augments these customs with a celebration of the Bangsamoro culture. The first two processes are simpler and take less time. The hero, Raja Indarapatra, has two sons by Karibang, a water nymph. Other occasions for kite making include the sprouting of palay grains and the bearing of fruit from the local nonang tree, the fruit of which is used as paste in kite making. These were Maguindanao, Lanao del Sur, Sulu, and Tawi-Tawi. Three years later, in 1945, combined United States and Philippine Commonwealth Army troops liberated Mindanao, and with the help of local guerrilla units, ultimately defeated the Japanese forces occupying the region. His kingdom is Bumbaran. On the seventh day after the death of a Maranao, four to six padidikir (chanters) are called to perform the kadaolat sa miatai (invitation to the dead).
Rido in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) Yoshitaka Terada of the National Museum of Ethnology in Osaka, Japan, and Maranao scholar Usopay Cadar filmed these two documentaries in 2008, in villages around Lake Lanao and in Baguio, where a Maranao migrant community resides (Terada 2013, 95). Reenactments of the lives of religious personages are part of Maranao theater. In 1902, Datu Tungul, a Binidayan sultan, led an attack on Camp Vicars. Manila: Lahing Pilipino Publishing Inc. Rosagaron, Roman P. 2001. Of the total population of Mindanao, they comprise 5.4%, making them the fourth largest ethnolinguistic group in the region. In 1916, after the passage of the Jones Law, which transferred legislative power to a Philippine Senate and House of Representatives, polygyny was made illegal. Other produce include corn; fruits such as bananas, jackfruit, madang, durian, avocado, and mangoes; and vegetables such as cabbage, Chinese leaf, onions, carrots, cassava, sweet potato, and potato. [27][28] The 89-page decision, written by Associate Justice Conchita Carpio-Morales ruled: In sum, the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process committed grave abuse of discretion when he failed to carry out the pertinent consultation process, as mandated by EO No. It was unlikely that the Muslims, who had had a longer cultural history as Muslims than the Christian Filipinos as Christians, would surrender their identity. Lake Lanao (Lake Sultan Alonto), created by a lava dam, has an area of 134 square miles (347 square km). Upon the request of President Duterte, members of the Congress approved the series of extensions of martial law in the Mindanao group of islands from 23 May 2017 to 31 December 2019. The Maranao are known to practice rido, a system of retributive justice that erupts when maratabat (honor) of one family member is besmirched by a member of another family. Yabes, Criselda. The island is marked by peninsulas and is heavily indented by the Davao and Moro gulfs in the south and by Iligan Bay in the north. With magic words, she has one of her leper slaves enter a statue of a golden bird that she has made. The Maranao associate certain signs with conception and pregnancy. A campaign to faithfully re-establish it in Maimbung town has been ongoing since 1933. Mindanao, the second largest among the three islands and the southernmost part of the Philippines, is a main contributor of the country's GDP in terms of agriculture, fishing, forestry, etc. http://web0.psa.gov.ph/content/. 1974. The Moro Wars. In The Muslim Filipinos: Their History, Society and Contemporary Problems, edited by Peter Gowing and Robert McAmis. Cagoco-Guiam, Rufa and Steven Schoofs. It is a region distinct from all other regions, with a vibrant culture and an autonomous government of its own. The Department of Mindanao and Sulu replaced the Moro province on 15 December 1913 and a year later created the province of Lanao.
March 15 | Mindanao Update: BARMM, Peace-Building, and Community Health New Haven: Human Relations Area Files Press. Very slowly, he moves to the left, then to the right, then moves around very gracefully.
Country Reports on Terrorism 2021 - United States Department of State Political, social, and economic changes were introduced. Manila: Linguistic Society of the Philippines. However, it was not enacted into a law when lawmakers withdrew their support from the bill due to the Mamasapano clash in January 2015. In the singkil dance, the clashing shields represent the rocks, and the clapping bamboos represent the stones. In the Philippines, the celebration falls on the same day as the Morad a datu, a feast hosted by the local datu in his community. Its primary objective when it was founded in 1974 was the inclusion of Mindanao theater traditions in mainstream consciousness and its concerns were national in scope (Rivera 1994, 401). Additional designs called borda, adapted from traditional okir motifs, are embroidered on the malong. Rido, it should be noted, is not confined to the Maranao alone. In a battle against the tribes, the Prophet Muhammad and his followers find themselves surrounded. An example of a tutul sa pakapoon is the legend of Lake Lanao, which indicates Islamic influence. During delivery, the pandays hands work through and within the malong. It is a multiethnic group, with Maranao students making up 20% of its membership, which includes the Tausug and Maguindanao, besides Christian settlers from Luzon and the Visayas. Myth and Reality in Social Structure. In The Maranao, edited by Mamitua Saber and Adbullah Madale. . Kahumayan Festival.
Ethnic villages showcase cultures, traditions of 5 tribes in ARMM Another view is that these tales are indigenous, although influenced by external factors, such as trade and Islam.
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM Region Profile) 20 created a Regional Autonomous Government in the Western and Central Mindanao regions.[17]. Mindanao also has the largest concentration of ethnic minorities in the Philippines. 1976. The most popular of these animal characters is the monkey, who can transform himself into a handsome prince.
Bangsamoro Commission for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage The heros father, Sultan Nabi of Mantapoli, has a cousin who is accomplished in the arts of black magic. As a person, it claims to be the son of a sultan of Bandiar Masir but criticizes and ridicules the sultan and his men. Mednick, Melvin. Certain signs are associated with impending death: dog howls, certain birds singing at night, and shouts from the birds mangangasa and ko-ro-wao.
This particular episode, Kailid a Dempas, describes in minute detail all the movements of the warrior. Manila: Solidaridad Publishing House. A new law, Republic Act No. Lake Lanao: Its Past and Present Status. In Conservation and Ecological Management of Philippine Lakes in Relation to Fisheries and Aquaculture, edited by CB Santiago, ML Cuvin-Aralar and ZU Basiao, 29-39. After his death, the other datus endorse the datuship of Gibons eldest son and allow the other wives to return to their homes. Other musical instruments include the gandingan, a horizontal war drum; tabo, a call-to-prayer drum hung horizontally in the mosque; a very small kulintang called alotang but known as saronai if manufactured from metal; a bamboo instrument scraped and struck called tagotok, also called sirong a ganding when plucked and beaten; insi, an end-blown lute; kubing; and oni-oniya, a rice stalk resembling an oboe. COTABATO CITY: Amid the clashes in some parts of the region, the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) is showcasing its grandest mock tribal villages narrating the variety of cultures, traditions, history and oneness of the Bangsamoro people. The four brothers create the four sultanates, which survive to this day. One outstanding example is the pagoda-like, three-tiered mosque in Taraka, Lanao del Sur. It used to be the largest royal palace built in the Philippines. One of the three vignettes that project a cultural image of the greatness of the Filipino people, "Langgal" (prayer house) represents Mindanao which is predominantly composed of Muslims. The Maranao live in agama (hamlets), politically defined by the presence of at least one torogan (great house), where community gatherings are held. Mindanao is a Muslim outpost in the predominantly Roman Catholic Philippines. The landap type of malong is a lakban (vertical woven strip) sewn into the entire length of the body of the malong. Such strikes resulted in the destruction of various civilian and religious structures, including the historic Grand Mosque, Dansalan Bato Ali Mosque, and Masjid Abu Bkr Mosque (Fonbuena 2020, 70). Angels occupy the sky, which is likewise seven-layered; heaven is found on the final layer. On the northern tip of the lake lies Marawi City, the premier urban center of the province of Lanao del Sur. 9054 An Act to Strengthen and Expand the Organic Act for the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, Amending for the Purpose Republic Act No. Hell is a deep, dirty, and dark abode for sinners. The autonomous region of Muslim Mindanaoconsisting of territory in western and southwestern Mindanao along with a number of nearby islands, including Tawi Tawi and Jolowas established in 1990.
Southern Philippines: Fostering an Inclusive Bangsamoro The kindest is the deer. The film ends with Karims tearful lament alternating with his prayer to Allah. The first subdivides into four territories: forbidden, that is, Mecca and Medina; reserve, that is, Iraq, Syria, the Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Egypt, Afghanistan, and other areas controlled by Muslims; canonical, where Muslims are allowed to practice their faith in a non-Islamic country, like the Philippines; and irredentist, of which Muslims had control until they were forced out by nations like Spain and Israel. Each sleeping space also serves as the familys living room, working space, and dining room. this is primary activity administered to determine your baseline knowledge and preparedness for the lesson. Madale, Nagasura. The following example narrates and explains the division of Lanao into four states or encampments: Four brothersButuanon, Dimaampao, Batara Sa Kilatun, and Batolaconganfrom the land of Bumbaran journey to the Lake Lanao region, which is still a jungle. After he has bought rice for his familys lunch, he picks up a passenger who holds a gun to him and drives away with his tricycle. The film received a Special Jury Prize at the 3rd Cinemalaya Philippine Independent Film Festival in 2007. The traditional sultan or datu often assumes this role and in effect becomes the most powerful sultan in the area (Mednick 1975). He advises his sister not to turn against her husband and to help bring glory and fame to Bumbaran. A plebiscite was held on November 1989 to determine the provinces that would comprise the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). Co, Ramon L. Fernan III, Maria Faina L. Diola, Amina Rasul, Mehol K. Sadain, Acram A. Latiph, Rufa C. Guiam, Benedicto R. Bacani, Raphael N. Montes, Jr. National College of Public Administration and Governance. Former President Joseph Estrada, who by then had already replaced President Ramos, declared and carried out an all-out war against the MILF. Commercial activities include the sari-sari (variety) store; weaving, which is a womans occupation; and metalcraft such as brass making in Tugaya, which has been very lucrative. Manila: Solidaridad Publishing House. Storage space can be found underneath the main house and the kitchen. Irregularly shaped, it measures 293 miles (471 km) north to south and 324 miles (521 km) east to west. Provisions were made, however, to allow Muslims time to comply with the new restrictions. The interior of the mosque is laid out according to the nature of salat (Islamic prayer), which is announced from tall minarets. Mindanao has thirty-three ethno-linguistic groups, which thirteen of them are Islamized; nineteen are Lumads and third and fourth are Christian settlers.
Education for people and planet: creating sustainable futures for all Omissions? These include plaids, stripes, and checks. The Maranao literary tradition can be classified into pre-Islamic and Islamic-inspired literature. In the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM), the Maranao comprise 26.4% of the total population, making it the largest of the Islamic groups in the ARMM.
Cultures in Mindanao Content Chapter 1 and 2 - Studocu National Statistical Coordination Board. Kandaonga (courtship) is undertaken through the matchmakers, often in verses exchanged continually until there is an assurance on both sides about the details of the marriage. Cotton, ramie (a fibre plant), coffee, and cacao are also grown. Relevance of "Pananaroon" to Islam and Culture of M . De los Reyes, Roberto A. The island has narrow coastal plains, and broad, fertile basins and extensive swamps are formed by the Mindanao and Agusan river systems. This incident contributed to the rise of various separatist movements: the Muslim Independence Movement (MIM), Ansar El-Islam, and the Union of Islamic Forces and Organizations. For the program to aid in the control of Usenet abuse, see, 19892019 autonomous region of the Philippines, Creation and disestablishment of Shariff Kabunsuan, Memorandum of Agreement on Ancestral Domain, Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, Moro Muslims waged an insurgency against the Japanese, Governor of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, Spanish Colonial Fortifications of the Philippines, Peace process with the Bangsamoro in the Philippines, "An Act Fixing the Permanent Seat of Government for the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao at the Municipality of Parang, Province of Maguindanao", "Supreme Court voids creation of Shariff Kabunsuan", "Govt reaches deal with MILF to end rebellion", "The Bangsamoro reframes the Muslim-Filipino identity", "Appointments to Bangsamoro transition body out after Feb. 6 plebiscite", "Comelec ratifies Bangsamoro Organic Law", "Zubiri: Overwhelming 'yes' vote for BOL shows Mindanao shedding its history of conflict", "Republic Act No. Kiss Campano, dir. Ranging from 10 to 17.5 centimeters in length, the vertical strip comes in alizarine red base inwoven with multicolored motifs, ranging from the strictly geometric and the curvilinear, to the leaf and vine. The Muslim Filipinos. AUTONOMOUS REGION IN MUSLIM MINDANAO: Q.1: Adiong Memorial Polytechnic State College: Q.2: Basilan State College: Q.3: Mindanao State . UNESCO has cited several reasons for this, including the epics rich vocabulary and archaic linguistic forms that can only be understood by practitioners, elders and scholars. These, and the Maranao embracing more mainstream and modern ways of living, may cause its eventual extinction. The traditional Maranao garments were stylized by costume and stage designer Salvador Bernal to complement the geometrical lines of his stage design (Manipon 2008). The dance kapemalomalong was popularized in modern times by the Mindanao State University Darangan Cultural Dance Troupe. Warriner, Charles K. 1975. Moses then tells him to return and to ask God that the number of prayers be reduced from 50 to five times daily. In 2020, Mindanawon filmmaker Jean Claire Dy and German artist Manuel Domes directed the documentary A House in Pieces. Terada, Yoshitaka. An elder sings a traditional lullaby, presumably to lay her to rest.