objectivity in journalism pdf

/Rotate 0 /Pg 241 0 R How journalists in four continents define a key term of their profession, Underlying Epistemological Conceptions in Journalism, Objetividad y verdad. /TextAlign /Center >> >> Objectivity, as Michael Schudson (2001: 149) stated twenty years ago, is the chief occupational value of American journalism and the norm that historically and still today distinguishes US journalism from the dominant model of continental European journalism (where news and opinion are not always as clearly separated as in the United 218 0 obj /K 0 >> /Type /Page >> 350 0 obj /Body#20Text#20Indent /P >> >> /Font << endobj uuid:af255c67-6cbf-4141-8001-93f6a2ef9d67 /TextAlign /Center >> /K 0 << 114 0 obj << /K 1 << /WritingMode /LrTb >> endobj endobj /TT2 455 0 R /K 0 /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] 72 0 obj /Contents 494 0 R Yet American journalists cannot agree on what it is, how it is measured, or on how it is done. /BaselineShift 4.0 /StructParents 2 4 0 obj /P 204 0 R >> /TextAlign /Justify /Rotate 0 This proves that it still remains firmly entrenched. /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] /A 280 0 R >> /K 69 0 R >> /TT0 454 0 R The partisan newspapers founded by or with political parties in the 1800s gave way to the penny press, which was made more affordable and less partisan to appeal to the masses, said Kathleen McElroy, director of the School of Journalism and a professor at The << /Metadata 2 0 R /P 196 0 R /StartIndent -8.99998 /K 4 /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] >> >> 42 0 obj >> /S /Heading#203 << >> /P 196 0 R /Contents 496 0 R /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /TextAlign /Justify << >> /ColorSpace << It argues that the concept of objectivity in journalism originates in the positivistic tradition and, furthermore, that it is strongly related to tan earlier theoretical school within historiography. /Contents 488 0 R /Underline /Span /WritingMode /LrTb >> /S /Body#20Text /SpaceBefore 12.0 /O /Layout /Pg 254 0 R 33 [114 0 R] /TextAlign /Justify /K 0 >> >> endobj /Pg 244 0 R /Type /Page >> >> endobj << /WritingMode /LrTb /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /A 357 0 R fA!fCa8! # g'u}tLTQE'8^rw%xN=eCKQ>G;UMG,',HYu4#_ endobj << >> 80 0 obj . >> >> /WritingMode /LrTb To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. It does not matter that the news is not susceptible to mathematical statement. >> >> >> << Faith in the rugged individualism of the tough reporter, what Lippmann called the cynicism of the trade, was also not enough. /O /Layout /TT1 456 0 R >> /TextAlign /Justify << /Font << /Pg 206 0 R 31 0 obj /WritingMode /LrTb /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /RoleMap 13 0 R << /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] There are several approaches to journalistic objectivity: " cold blooded " and " emotional " journalism; empathic and factographic theory; principled objectivity, and pseudo-objectivity; correct reporting, real time reporting, and rhetorical sensitivity in the media. /TextAlign /Justify [Google Scholar]). /TextDecorationColor [0.0 0.0 0.0] /Pg 222 0 R 248 0 obj endobj endobj /Contents 508 0 R /K 0 /ColorSpace << /Parent 23 0 R >> /P 204 0 R /Parent 22 0 R As Hallin and Mancini's (2004) work demonstrates, objectivity is /O /Layout /Parent 23 0 R >> /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] << Rarely did journalists report learning them in journalism school or from their editors. endobj /StructParents 61 >> /P 204 0 R /Resources << /A 381 0 R /Resources << /K 0 /Contents 468 0 R It suffices to think that, in ordinary daily life, we do not need any sort of scientific method to deem our knowledge true or false (although this does not mean, of course, that our knowledge is always error-free). 44 0 R 45 0 R 46 0 R 47 0 R 48 0 R 49 0 R 50 0 R] endobj /TT1 456 0 R << /K 10 Journalistic objectivity is the definitive canon of American mainstream journalism. >> WebParticipatory journalism has been explored from various angles, but studies that exam-ine participatory content have remained scarce. An earlier version of this paper was presented to the Philosophy of Communication section of the European Communication Research and Education Association Conference, held in October 2010 in Hamburg. /WritingMode /LrTb /SpaceAfter 3.0 /A 288 0 R /Parent 24 0 R /Length 3710 endobj /WritingMode /LrTb 38 [122 0 R] /StructParents 5 54 0 obj /S /Part /WritingMode /LrTb 241 0 obj /Contents 503 0 R << ubuntu The results are analyzed by the conceptualization of Bourdieus field theory, along with current professional theory, and point at a possible separation of professional levels where a few ideals constitute an over-arching professional identity, while the flora of attitudes below is more diverse and dependent on factors of organizational affiliation, gender and age. /S /Body#20Text endobj 303 0 obj The People Have Spoken GET BOOK Download The People Have Spoken Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle << /S /Normal /Type /Page /TextAlign /Center Fusion Power of Public and Participatory Journalism. >> /P 528 0 R /O /Layout /Contents 493 0 R << /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] This damages the credibility of the craft by making it seem unprincipled, dishonest, and biased. endobj /Rotate 0 /Font << /A 400 0 R << 2. /Producer (Adobe PDF Library 9.0) /Pg 229 0 R >> << /K [34 0 R 35 0 R 36 0 R 37 0 R 38 0 R 39 0 R 40 0 R 41 0 R 42 0 R 43 0 R application/pdf << 352 0 obj >> Boring versus engaging stories whats the difference? /O /Layout /S /Normal /A 414 0 R /WritingMode /LrTb >> /Type /Pages >> The paper discusses each, The article examines the state of German journalism a hundred years ago, when American journalism was becoming the role model for journalists all over the Western world. /WritingMode /LrTb /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /Parent 27 0 R 118 0 obj /Type /Page >> The term originally represented a rigorous reporting procedure growing out of the broader cultural movement of scientific naturalism. /O /Layout /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] 318 0 obj /ColorSpace << /WritingMode /LrTb endobj /TextAlign /Justify 139 0 obj >> 423 0 obj << /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] >> /TT0 454 0 R endobj Acrobat PDFMaker 9.0 for Word /S /Body#20Text /Title (December 2007) endobj /O /Layout /Contents 477 0 R /O /Layout Therefore, I do not mean to say here that all perceptions need a previous conceptual basis or are a projection of the self, as some forms of constructivism claim. /P 204 0 R << << endobj endobj 202 0 obj This article delves deep into the philosophical underpinnings of the theory of objectivity, namely its positivist presumptions stemming from the empiricist tradition. /A 425 0 R /TT1 456 0 R /Producer (Adobe PDF Library 9.0) >> 135 0 obj 198 0 obj /WritingMode /LrTb >> Acrobat PDFMaker 9.0 for Word << /Type /Page /S /Normal /Parent 33 0 R << /WritingMode /LrTb /Pg 244 0 R endobj endobj /P 204 0 R << >> >> /P 293 0 R << endobj 104 0 obj 336 0 obj 411 0 obj >> endobj /P 204 0 R << endobj /TextAlign /Justify /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /O /Layout endobj >> /TT0 454 0 R >> >> 27 0 obj /ColorSpace << /TT0 454 0 R /P 204 0 R /TT0 454 0 R /Font << /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] << Although this was an era of faith in science, Lippmann had few illusions. /Count 5 /K 5 /WritingMode /LrTb /Pg 216 0 R 52 0 obj /Type /Page >> /TT0 454 0 R /Title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ropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /K 1 /WritingMode /LrTb /TextAlign /Center /Parent 30 0 R 4 [60 0 R] /P 196 0 R /Kids [238 0 R 239 0 R 240 0 R 241 0 R 242 0 R] /Contents 513 0 R << /TextDecorationColor [0.0 0.0 0.0] /ColorSpace << 2009-04-23T15:10:09+02:00 The term originally represented a rigorous reporting procedure growing out of the broader cultural, View 3 excerpts, references methods and background, The contribution argues that complaints about journalism follow from the societal ideal regarding the media as an institution of direct democracy expected to present us with a true picture of the. >> /Font << endobj >> /SpaceAfter 3.0 Journalism has made several attempts have been made by /Type /Page >> endobj endobj << >> >> 292 0 obj /Type /Page << 240 0 obj /S /Body#20Text /StartIndent 37.5 << 244 0 obj /O /Layout /P 295 0 R /S /Normal >> /S /Normal endobj /Resources << /TextAlign /Center /ColorSpace << >> /Font << One is that the impartial voice employed by many news organizations that familiar, supposedly neutral style of newswriting is not a fundamental principle of journalism. 380 0 obj >> Journalistic objectivity has been generally understood to mean much the same thing. << << 374 0 obj Ii!,tsIS01Dawsh,^O*@|QFf!l'G#*[5 [20(:d3%2 n7/HGN?OB3h_ZYZ$\E#[sfM\\nmQUF rA)F)E> ^8TZ=(3|^q.!yAxm@*kv5VeU'E! 301 0 obj /Rotate 0 /WritingMode /LrTb /WritingMode /LrTb /Parent 28 0 R /K 1 /ColorSpace << /A 415 0 R /Pg 211 0 R /WritingMode /LrTb >> /S /Normal /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /K 0 /StructParents 39 endobj 230 0 obj endobj >> << >> << /K 0 >> >> /A 351 0 R /TT0 454 0 R /K 15 /Rotate 0 /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /K 1 /S /Normal /K 70 0 R /TextAlign /Center /Type /Page /S /Document /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] >> /TT2 455 0 R 45 0 obj /Font << endobj /O /Layout >> WebAuthor: Jesse Peterson Big Idea: Objectivity Goals/Objectives 1. /StructParents 6 Sign up below. >> /Font << endobj 125 0 obj /O /Layout /WritingMode /LrTb 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG. Journalists did not begin to use the word objective to describe their work until the 1920s. << I also wish to thank the journal editors and two anonymous reviewers. /TextAlign /Center /TT1 456 0 R /P 204 0 R /Type /Page endobj >> /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /A 355 0 R And these provide additionalelements, grounded in established intellectual territory, that help support classroom dialogue about the concept in anewsgathering context. /K 4 /WritingMode /LrTb << >> /S /Sect 313 0 obj /Outlines 3 0 R << endobj /Pg 248 0 R /Length 262 /Contents 481 0 R /S /LI /StructParents 8 /TT1 455 0 R /Title (The MA treatise :Chapter: 2) /P 204 0 R WebObjectivity is defined by most dictionaries as expressing or using facts without distortion by personal beliefs, bias, feelings or prejudice. /Type /Page >> /Parent 9 0 R /Type /Pages >> 213 0 obj /O /Layout /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /SpaceBefore 12.0 273 0 obj 2 [52 0 R] /Count 5 /Count 7 327 0 obj 68 0 obj endobj 54 [174 0 R] /K 0 << endobj /O /Layout /S /Normal /WritingMode /LrTb /WritingMode /LrTb /WritingMode /LrTb >> >> /WritingMode /LrTb /TT2 455 0 R >> >> /TT0 454 0 R /S /Normal endobj WebObjectivity in journalism is a key topic for debate in media, communication and journalism studies, and has been the subject of intensive historical and sociological research. >> /StructParents 63 << More specifically, I have attempted to argue that: (1) objectivity is not only an impossible ideal, but rather an ill-conceived question, based upon the mistaken premises of positivism; (2) the concept of objectivity has partly managed to replace a more fundamental one, that of truth, thus becoming confusing and fallacious. 344 0 obj Therefore, the objectives of this study are: 1. << WebAbstract: Objectivity is a contentious topic in journalism, important to address in a newswriting classroom because of the professions mission of representing reality. /Parent 24 0 R /TextAlign /Center /Rotate 0 >> << /Type /Metadata /A 193 0 R 86 0 obj /K 86 0 R /WritingMode /LrTb /O /Layout >> << << /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /S /Heading#203 436 0 obj /Author (Admin) [Taylor & Francis Online],[Google Scholar], p. 236). 428 0 obj >> uuid:b40aa8b4-44ae-49b9-be3e-6e1288eaba82 << The concept of objectivity has been regarded as a cornerstone principle of journalism since the nineteenth century. /TT0 454 0 R 169 0 obj /P 196 0 R This confusion shows in many ways. /ColorSpace << endobj endobj << /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] 21 [93 0 R 94 0 R] /TT1 455 0 R uuid:b50061db-1e79-4d16-a6a9-687804b75548 /Type /Page WebObjectivity has long been considered a core tenet of this professional ideology. >> /A 362 0 R /S /Normal << /S /Normal endobj << endobj /P 204 0 R >> WebLippmann called this new objective journalism, and he believed it would lead to journalism turning into a real profession (ibid:981f). endobj 65 0 obj /WritingMode /LrTb /Pg 190 0 R /A 368 0 R /Type /Pages endobj 407 0 obj 205 0 obj >> 172 0 obj /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] /Pg 239 0 R << >> >> << /S /Body#20Text /TT0 454 0 R /StartIndent 36.0 /TT1 456 0 R In fact, just because news is complex and slippery, good reporting requires the exercise of the highest scientific virtues.. /Font << endobj 418 0 obj endobj << /TextAlign /Justify 384 0 obj /A 334 0 R 159 0 obj /Type /Page /A 457 0 R >> >> << >> /P 204 0 R >> >> /K 1 /P 196 0 R /K 1 >> /WritingMode /LrTb /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] >> << /SpaceAfter 3.0 /ColorSpace << /O /Layout /Type /Page /WritingMode /LrTb /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] >> /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] >> endobj >> << /A 358 0 R /StructParents 54 endobj /S /Underline << /CS1 [/ICCBased 480 0 R] >> /TextAlign /Justify /StructParents 35 /O /Layout /O /Layout /Resources << /Font << /WritingMode /LrTb >> /S /Underline 341 0 obj /Rotate 0 /K 0 /P 204 0 R >> >> /Type /Metadata /Count 5 /Kids [198 0 R 210 0 R 211 0 R 212 0 R 213 0 R 214 0 R 215 0 R 216 0 R 217 0 R] endobj >> /Kids [263 0 R 264 0 R 265 0 R 266 0 R 267 0 R] << /Font << /SpaceAfter 3.0 106 0 obj /Parent 28 0 R 120 0 obj >> endobj >> >> << /O /Layout >> >> endobj << endobj /TextAlign /Justify /A 317 0 R /P 204 0 R /Contents 484 0 R /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] << /WritingMode /LrTb /Resources << /P 204 0 R endobj >> << 419 0 obj 219 0 obj >> >> endobj << /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /Rotate 0 40 0 obj /P 204 0 R endobj /A 406 0 R >> /P 185 0 R << endobj /StructParents 32 /O /Layout /A 450 0 R 156 0 R 157 0 R 158 0 R 159 0 R 160 0 R 161 0 R 162 0 R 163 0 R 164 0 R 165 0 R /K 0 << 45 [138 0 R 139 0 R 140 0 R 141 0 R 142 0 R] << >> << /A 377 0 R /TT0 454 0 R endobj endobj /P 196 0 R /Resources << The key was in the discipline of the craft, not the aim. /K 1 << /A 418 0 R >> /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /Prev 194 0 R >> 266 0 obj /Pg 231 0 R << This article aims to provide an insight into the state of business journalism ethics in Africa, firstly, through an examination of newsroom ethical policies and secondly through an exploration of the way in which African business journalists negotiate ethical decision-making in their day-to-day news processing practices. /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] >> /S /Body#20Text >> Sobre el vigor contemporneo de la falacia objetivista, Revista de Filosofa. /TT0 454 0 R /A 341 0 R endobj 20 0 obj >> /K 0 Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine. << /Pg 237 0 R /P 196 0 R 21 0 obj /Rotate 0 endobj /Parent 22 0 R 59 0 obj /Title (Tuchman \(2000\) says that each newspaper is a collection of facts assembled by journalists and news editors for news consumers to read. >> endobj /O /Layout /StartIndent 18.0 /O /Layout << /Resources << 77 0 obj /P 204 0 R /TextAlign /Justify /ColorSpace << endobj I use the term here with the first meaning. endobj << 35 [117 0 R 118 0 R] endobj /Parent 26 0 R /Rotate 0 endobj /Font << 44 0 R 45 0 R 46 0 R 47 0 R 48 0 R 49 0 R 50 0 R 51 0 R 52 0 R 53 0 R %PDF-1.6 endobj /A 316 0 R << /O /Layout /P 204 0 R 84 0 R 85 0 R 463 0 R 88 0 R 89 0 R 90 0 R 91 0 R 92 0 R 93 0 R 94 0 R 260 0 obj >> /S /Body#20Text /Parent 10 0 R /S /Body#20Text This guide, like many of the others in APIs Journalism Essentials section, is largely based on the research and teachings of the Committee of Concerned Journalists a consortium of reporters, editors, producers, publishers, owners and academics that for 10 years facilitated a discussion among thousands of journalists about what they did, how they did it, and why it was important. /ColorSpace << It is unity of method, rather than aim; the unity of disciplined experiment. Lippmann meant by this that journalism should aspire to a common intellectual method and a common area of valid fact.. >> >> /Type /Page << endobj >> It is obvious to me that sensory data are previous to any rational activity. 2007. /O /Layout << >> /TT2 489 0 R << /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /S /Body#20Text /S /Body#20Text >> 136 0 R 137 0 R 138 0 R 139 0 R 140 0 R 141 0 R 142 0 R 143 0 R 144 0 R 145 0 R 242 0 obj >> 19 0 obj /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] << 201 0 obj /Resources << /WritingMode /LrTb 373 0 obj >> >> /Contents 502 0 R << /S /Normal /WritingMode /LrTb /A 371 0 R As many authors have shown, no other concept has stimulated as much controversy as the concept of objectivity. /Resources << >> /A 398 0 R /WritingMode /LrTb /A 390 0 R endobj /O /Layout >> >> >> >> /Pg 208 0 R /Pg 235 0 R endobj /A 286 0 R /S /LBody endobj /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /Font << >> /Pg 190 0 R >> /P 204 0 R /O /Layout /Pg 253 0 R London: Sage, " to promote and elevate the standards of journalism " Agnes Wahl Nieman, the benefactor of the Nieman Foundation, The Media: Migration of Power into Fiction, Speaking of news: Press, democracy, and metapragmatics in a changing India, Journalists in a digital age Trust will rule in the future of journalism Thesis Master Journalism and New Media, The changing Faces of Journalistic Profession in the Mirror of Research Presented in ZESZYTY PRASOZNAWCZE, IMPLICATION OF ETHICAL DILEMMA AND PROFESSIONALISM ON JOURNALIST IN ILORIN METROPOLIS, Missing Objectivity: Media Persons turn to shadowy politician, BRIDGING THE CULTURAL GAPS IN JOURNALISM TRAINING AND EDUCATION IN ASIA, Changes in journalism in two post-authoritarian non-Western countries, David H. Weaver, Lars Willnat The Global Journalist in the 21st Century.pdf, Ethics of Indonesian Journalists inthe Era of Media Freedom, The Effects of Journalists' Social Media Activities on Audience Perceptions of Journalists and their News Products Dissertation, HOW EXPERIENCE BECOMES A JOURNALISTIC ASSET? /CreationDate (D:20090423151144+02'00') /S /Normal << 437 0 obj /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] To draw tentative conclusion on objectivity as s a >> /Pg 261 0 R 409 0 obj endobj /K 0 /TT0 454 0 R /K 0 /Count 5 /TT2 456 0 R /O /Layout endobj 132 0 obj /A 269 0 R >> << << 278 0 obj endobj /S /Body#20Text /ColorSpace << 134 0 obj 90 0 obj /K 1 /P 462 0 R /Resources << /A 429 0 R endobj /K 0 /P 204 0 R >> endobj /Pg 218 0 R endobj /O /Layout endobj endobj 211 0 obj /Font << The performance data shown in tables and graphs on this page is calculated in GBX of the fund/index/average (as applicable), on a Bid To Bid / Nav to Nav basis, with gross dividends re-invested on ex-dividend date. /TextIndent -18.0 endobj 60 0 obj << /TT2 455 0 R /O /Layout << /ColorSpace << /WritingMode /LrTb /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] Adobe PDF Library 9.0 /A 413 0 R 58 [182 0 R] >> /P 204 0 R >> >> 321 0 obj /S /LBody /Type /Page >> 73 0 obj >> There is nothing approaching standard rules of evidence, as in the law, or an agreed-upon method of observation, as in the conduct of scientific experiments. /TextAlign /Justify /TT0 440 0 R /A 354 0 R >> /K 3 /Pg 255 0 R >> /WritingMode /LrTb /Type /Pages /O /Layout /D [248 0 R /XYZ 417 425 0.0] /Parent 32 0 R WebUnit Title: Objectivity in Journalism Language: German Level: High School, Intermediate Author: Jesse Peterson Big Idea: Objectivity Goals/Objectives 1. << /A 366 0 R >> /A 335 0 R 394 0 obj >> /S /Body#20Text /Pg 222 0 R 5. 224 0 obj /O /Layout >> << /Contents 511 0 R /P 204 0 R /P 204 0 R /O /Layout /Pg 251 0 R endobj /TT1 456 0 R /K 0 25 [99 0 R 100 0 R] /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] 15 0 obj /Rotate 0 /O /Layout /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] /TT0 440 0 R << >> /O /Layout Abstract How issues are framed in journalism in terms of problems, solutions, and levels of responsibility is of great importance in order to engage and lead toward individual and collective action. /K 0 endobj << /A 433 0 R endobj << /WritingMode /LrTb /WritingMode /LrTb endobj << >> /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] >> /ColorSpace << /WritingMode /LrTb /WritingMode /LrTb /S /GoTo /Next 16 0 R >> >> >> endobj /K 0 endobj /TextAlign /Justify << /TextAlign /Justify >> Overwhelmingly the answer was: by trial and error and on my own or from a friend. 288 0 obj We discuss objectivity in journalism with Nikole Hannah-Jones, reporter for the New York Times Magazine, Ricardo Sandoval-Palos, public editor of PBS and 1A producer Morgan Givens. But increasingly, reporters, editors and media critics argue that the concept of journalistic objectivity endobj /K 4 endobj /K 1 >> << /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /O /Layout 329 0 obj /TT1 455 0 R A literature review of the factors impacting on objectivity in news journalism /Contents 516 0 R endobj >> endobj endobj /K 1 252 0 obj /Parent 33 0 R /Kids [253 0 R 254 0 R 255 0 R 256 0 R 257 0 R] /Rotate 0 302 0 obj /Contents 499 0 R /P 204 0 R /P 204 0 R /StructParents 26 385 0 obj << /Parent 9 0 R << /Parent 30 0 R Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /WritingMode /LrTb << >> /Pg 238 0 R /Pg 240 0 R Abstract. /S /Body#20Text /TT3 455 0 R /Font << 2 /TT0 454 0 R 189 0 R] /K 7 << << v/-1tV,=Ah;z0|hauP (*$!DyF;!>9alzK{rV9^t: i[G. 'm1=66Jt)'8r>{i&2+9ov$}^#UB@_E%4[ Jk@-m*5y?hLtyb >!oKm8mt&^ JiTi(u0mRj;ygj>WqgtW'g>5s2eZNJ)djJI0!UeM&a7eQu!_uJlOAbo5Kb=^:6 Ijnyhx ;xC"s;]i@5^Ckp],jd@5e*]`]dmes6_]Lko-3JnE^tfV='>zJ^efWc% qCOhPC]\I3X;kqXG&|d4$!b#FT -Wm32. /WritingMode /LrTb 122 0 obj << /TT0 440 0 R >> /Pg 229 0 R /P 204 0 R /K 0 /Creator (Acrobat PDFMaker 9.0 for Word) << endobj << /SpaceAfter 6.0 /Font << /S /Heading#203 /S /Normal /TextAlign /Justify It deals with the questions, In order to gain an understanding of journalists conceptions of what being factual means, the present work supplements the existing insights of journalism studies and the sociology of knowledge and, This dissertation is focused on the journalistically practiced and mediated self-other relation in the contemporary cultural and postcolonial context of Denmark. /WritingMode /LrTb /WritingMode /LrTb /TextAlign /Justify << /Rotate 0 >> /S /LI /Pg 266 0 R /S /Body#20Text#20Indent << /S /Body#20Text 46 0 obj /O /Layout /K 0 206 0 obj /TT0 454 0 R /ModDate (D:20090423150915+02'00') D:20090423103102 /S /Normal /K 9 /O /Layout >> /Pg 256 0 R 33 0 obj The term began to appear as part of journalism after the turn of the 20th century, particularly in the 1920s, out of a growing recognition that journalists were full of bias, often unconsciously. >> endobj /A 350 0 R << endobj endobj /K 7 /Font << 153 0 obj /Pg 248 0 R /A 199 0 R /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] 136 0 obj endobj 307 0 obj /StructParents 36 endobj << /Type /Pages /WritingMode /LrTb Web. 359 0 obj /K 56 0 R It needs credible images to support its evidence. /WritingMode /LrTb endobj 43 [131 0 R 132 0 R] /WritingMode /LrTb >> /TextAlign /Center /K 0 /Pg 254 0 R << << >> /Parent 31 0 R /P 204 0 R >> /O /Layout << /Parent 8 0 R >> /TT0 454 0 R /S /Body#20Text /S /Normal 410 0 obj >> 194 0 obj 30 0 obj >> /WritingMode /LrTb /Contents 475 0 R /TextAlign /Justify /K 10 /K 58 0 R endobj /S /LI /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] endobj Lastly, the language of objective journalism plays a critical role in convincing the reader that the account can be trusted because it is unadorned.8 This involves using a rhetorical style that clearly, concisely, and accurately retells events, facts, and details.